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| Jovis die 16 mensis Januarii 2025 | ||
ACROAMATA LATINA
Hic praebentur acroamata (vulgo: podcasts) varia quae in rete inveniri possunt. Certe opiniones hic expressae externae sunt Ephemeridi.
DAVID AMSTER
Carmina Catulli recitata
VIRGIL Aeneid Book 1, 64-80: Juno asks Aeolus to destroy the fleet of Aeneas; Latin & English
Juno begs Aeolus, king of the winds, to destroy the Trojan fleet, and promises him one of her nymphs in return. #vergil #aeneid #latinpoetry #latinpronunciation Vocabulary & Grammar: Ad quem: to whom (Aeolus) tum: then Iūnō: Juno, queen of the gods supplex: as a suppliant, kneeling in entreaty, begging. It’s ironic that she, queen of the gods, would humble herself in this way. ūsa est: used, made use of, employed hīs vōcibus: these words; abl after utor namque: for, for indeed tibī: to you pater: the father (Jupiter) dīvum = divorum: of the gods, divine ones atque: and hominum: of humans dedit: has given, granted, bestowed et…et: both…and mulcēre: to soothe, comfort, calm flūctūs: the waves, waters of the sea tollere: to lift up, raise, rouse ventō: with the wind gēns: a race, nation, people (the Trojans, Aeneas and his men) inimīca: hostile, unfriendly mihī: to me nāvigat: is sailing Tyrrhēnum: the Tyrrhenian, the part of the Mediterranean between Italy, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily aequor: sea portāns: bringing, carrying in Ītaliam: to Italy, into Italy Īlium: Troy (cf. the Iliad); the remnants of Troy victōs-que: and (their) conquered, vanquished, defeated penātīs = penatēs: household gods incute: strike X (acc) into Y (dat), hurl, cast, thrust into vim: strength, force, vigor ventīs: into the winds obrue: overwhelm, bury, sink, destroy submersās: the submerged, sunken puppīs = puppēs: ships aut: or age: drive (them/the ships), push, force, move; erratum: I prounounced the “e” in age more like an “i”. dīversōs: apart, in different or opposite directions disiice: scatter, disperse, tear to pieces corpora: (their/the) bodies pontō: on the sea; abl of place w/out a prep sunt mihi: there are to me; dative of possession = I have bis septem: twice seven = 14 nymphae: nymphs praestantī: (with an) extraordinary, excellent, remarkable corpore: body quārum: of whom quae: who, the one who (is) pulcherrima: most beautiful formā: in form, figure, appearance Dēĭopēa: one of Juno’s nymphs; note there are FIVE syllables! iungam: I will join, unite together stabilī: in/with/by means of a stable, steadfast, enduring cōnūbiō: marriage, wedlock; Juno is the godess of marriage dicābō: I will declare (her), pronounce, dedicate; (dĭco, -are, cf dīco, -ere: I say) propriam: your own, only for you; w/ “eam” understood ut: so that, in order that exigat: she may/might spend, pass; subj. omnīs = omnēs: all annōs: the years tē-cum: with you prō: on account of, in return for tālibus: such meritīs: services, favors, kindness faciat: (that she) make, might make; subj tē: you parentem: a parent, father pulchrā: with beautiful prōle: offspring, progeny, children haec: these things, these words contrā: in reply, in return tuus: your; very emphatic position labor: task, burden, work explōrāre: to determine, explore quid: what optēs: you (would) wish, desire, choose; subj mihi: for me fās: proper, incumbant, duty capessere: to perform, execute iussa: (your) commands, orders Tū: you; emphatic, repeated 3 times, clearly to stroke her ego. (dedit): have given, understood mihi: to me quodcumque: whatever, whatsoever rēgnī: (of a) kingdom, royal power; this kingdom, whatever it is… conciliās: you secure, reconcile, win over, gain the favor of scēptra: scepters, royal powers, authorities Iovem-que: and Jove, Jupiter dās: give, grant, bestow accumbere: to recline, to recline at table epulīs: at the banquets, feasts dīvum = divorum: of the gods, divine ones facis: you make potentem: (me) powerful, ruler, master of nimbōrum-que: both of the storm clouds, storms, clouds tempestātum-que: and of the storms, tempests, weather -que….-que: both…and Meter: Dactylic hexameter ād quēm tūm Iūnō sūpplēx hīs vōcĭbŭs ūsa ēst: “Aēŏlĕ, nāmquĕ tĭbī dīvūm pătĕr ātque hŏmĭnūm rēx ēt mūlcērĕ dĕdīt flūctūs ēt tōllĕrĕ vēntō, gēns ĭnĭmīcă mĭhī TŶrrhēnūm nāvĭgăt aēquŏr Īlĭum ĭn Ītălĭām pōrtāns vīctōsquĕ pĕnātīs: īncŭtĕ vīm vēntīs sūbmērsāsque ōbrŭĕ pūppīs, aūt ăgĕ dīvērsōs ēt dīssĭcĕ cōrpŏră pōntō. sūnt mĭhĭ bīs sēptēm praēstāntī cōrpŏrĕ NŶmphaē, quārūm quaē fōrmā pūlchērrĭmă Dēĭŏpēă, cōnūbiō iūngām stăbĭlī prŏprĭāmquĕ dĭcābō, ōmnīs ūt tēcūm mĕrĭtīs prō tālĭbŭs ānnōs ēxĭgăt ēt pūlchrā făcĭāt tē prōlĕ părēntĕm.” Aēŏlŭs haēc cōntrā: “tŭŭs, ō rēgīnă, quĭd ōptēs ēxplōrārĕ lăbōr; mĭhĭ iūssă căpēssĕrĕ fās ēst. tū mĭhĭ quōdcūmque hōc rēgnī, tū scēptră Iŏvēmquĕ cōncĭlĭās, tū dās ĕpŭlīs āccūmbĕrĕ dīvŭm nīmbōrūmquĕ făcīs tēmpēstātūmquĕ pŏtēntĕm.”
276 views • Jan 6, 2025
VIRGIL Aeneid Book 1, 50-63: Tālia flammātō sēcum dea corde volūtāns, Latin & English
Juno has just explained her hatred of the Trojans and is now going to Aeolus, king of the winds, to stir up trouble for Aeneas and his men. #vergil #aeneid #latinpoetry #latinpronunciation Vocabulary & Grammar: flammātō: (with) an enflamed, burning corde: heart; abl sing volūtāns: turning over, pondering tālia: such things, things like this, referring to the reasons for her hatred of the Trojans sēcum = with herself dea: the goddess, Juno venit: comes in: into, to patriam: the land, the country nimbōrum: of storms, pouring rain, clouds Aeoliam: Aeolia, a group of islands near Sicily, the abode of Aeolus, god of the winds, now the Lipari Islands loca: places, a country, region fēta: pregnant, filled, full of furentibus: with raging, mad, furious austrīs: south winds Hīc: here vastō: in a vast, deserted, immense, huge antrō: cave, cavern rēx: king, the king Aeolus: god of the winds imperiō: with authority, supreme power premit: presses, holds fast, checks, restrains luctantīs = luctantēs: the wrestling, struggling ventōs: winds tempestātēs-que: and storms, tempests sonōrās: noisy, loud, resounding ac: and frēnat: bridles, curbs, checks, restrains vinclīs: with ropes, chains, fetters carcere: with a prison, in a prison Illī: they, those ones (the winds) indignantēs: being angry, displeased, indignant cum: with magnō: great murmure: roaring, growling, grumbling montis: of the mountain circum: around claustra: the confined places, the barriers, doors fremunt: they roar, growl, howl, grumble celsā: in a lofty, high arce: citadel, castle, fortress sedet: sits tenēns: holding scēptra: royal staffs, scepters; royal power or authority, sway mollit-que: and softens, soothes, calms animōs: (their) spirits, minds, anger, rage; probably a play on the Greek origin “anemos” = wind temperat: moderates, regulates, calms, restrains īrās: (their) angers, passions Nī = nisi: if not, unless faciat: he did that; pres subjunctive, where an imperfect subj would be used in prose quippe: indeed, truly, certainly rapidī: (they, the winds) tearing away, seizing, violent, swiftly moving, rapid ferant: (they) would carry, carry away; pres subj. sē-cum: with them maria: the seas terrās: the lands caelum-que: and the sky, heavens profundum: vast, lofty verrant-que: and would sweep (them) away, snatch, carry off per: through aurās: the air, the winds, blasts of air Sed: but pater: the father (Jupiter) omnipotēns: all-powerful, almighty, omnipotent metuēns: fearing hoc: this, what the winds might do abdidit: put (them) away, shut them up, hid ātrīs: (in) black, dark spēluncīs: caves, caverns imposuit: placed upon (them) īnsuper: above, over, from above, on top of (them) mōlem-que: and a huge, heavy mass, a massive structure altōs: high montīs = montes: mountains dedit: he gave (them) rēgem-que: a king (Aeolus) quī: who certō: with a certain foedere: law, condition, rule, contract scīret: would know how; imperfect subjunctive et: both premere: to suppress, restrain, check et: and dare: to give laxās: loose, slack, loosened, relaxed habēnās: reins iussus: having been ordered (by Jupiter), when commanded
217 views • Nov 19, 2024
HORACE ODE 1.4: Solvitur ācris hiems grātā vice Vēris et Favōnī; in Latin & English
#horace #latinpoetry #latinpronunciation Horace Ode 1.4 is addressed to his wealthy friend Sestius, reminding him how important it is to enjoy the pleasures of the spring and summertime of life before the “night” comes. Vocabulary & Grammar: ācris: piercing, sharp, severe hiems: winter solvitur: is melted, is loosened, is dissolved grātā: by the pleasing, welcome vice: change, alternation, turn, succession vēris: of spring Favōnī: of Favonius, god of the west wind, Zephyrus, who accompanies Spring māchinae: the “machines”, mechanical devices used to haul ships out of the sea, and then to launch them in spring. trahunt: drag, haul (back to sea) siccās: dry carīnās: keels; ships, boats neque: neither, and not iam: now; neque iam = no longer pecus: the flock, herd gaudet: rejoice, be glad, take pleasure in + ablative stabulīs: in the stables, because of the stables arātor: plowman ignī: in the fire; refers to sitting around a fire in winter prāta: meadows albicant: become white cānīs: white, hoary pruīnīs: frost Cytherēa: Cytherean, of Cythera, island sacred to Venus, near where she was said to be born from sea foam. Venus: responsible for for fertility, gardens and fruit, thus also Spring. dūcit: leads chorōs: dances in a ring, choral dances lūnā: the moon, Luna, goddess of the moon imminente: hanging over, leaning over; “the moon hanging over” as if watching the nocturnal scene. iūnctae: joined together, linked hand in hand Nymphīs: with nymphs, to nymphs decentēs: comely, well-formed, noble Grātiae: the Graces, godesses of loveliness and grace alternō: with alternate, one after the other pede: foot, step quatiunt: shake, beat, strike dum: while Volcānus: Vulcan, god of fire and husband of Venus ārdēns: blazing, on fire, gleaming, glowing, burning with passion; anticipates “calet” and “tepēbunt” below. vīsit: goes to inspect gravīs = graves: oppressive, unpleasant officīnās: workshops where thunderbolts that accompany spring storms are made Cyclōpum: of the Cyclopes, Vulcan’s servants who make Jupiter’s thunderbolts decet: it is fitting, suitable, proper impedīre: to encircle, surround, embrace nitidum: shining, glistening with oil, handsome, beautiful viridī: (with) green myrtō: myrtle, sacred to Venus flōre: with flower, blossom, a wreath of flowers terrae: lands, the earth, the ground(s) solūtae: released (from the cold of winter), loosened, cf. “solvitur” in line 1. ferunt: bear, bring forth, produce et: also, too decet: it is fitting immolāre: to offer a sacrifice Faunō: to Faunus, god of the forest, shepherds and farmers; known for sexual revelry umbrōsīs: shady lūcīs: sacred groves, woods seu: whether poscat: he might desire, request, demand; subj agnā: female lamb; verb of sacrifice can be followed by an ablative sīve: or mālit: would prefer; subjunctive haedō: a young goat Pallida: pale, pallid Mors: death aequō: with equal, impartial pede: foot; refers to the Roman custom of knocking on a door with one’s foot; the repetition of p-sounds imitates knocking pulsat: pounds on, knocks on tabernās: huts, cottages pauperum: of poor people, paupers turrīs = turrēs : towers, castles, palaces rēgum: of kings, of rich and powerful people beāte: fortunate, prosperous Sēstī: Horace’s friend Sestius, consul in 23 BC, but for only half a year. brevis: brief summa: summit, sum, sum total, amount, extent vītae: of life vetat: does not permit, forbids, prohibits incohāre: to begin, commence longam: a long-term, long spem: hope Iam: now, soon; note that “iam” and “nunc” are each used three times in the poem, emphasizing the “carpe diem” theme. nox: night, sybolizing death premet: will oppress, overwhelm, pursue Mānēs: shades, spirits of the dead, gods of the underworld fābulae: celebrated in fable, of fable domus: the house exīlis: wretched; in contrast to Sestius’ current grand “turris” Plūtōnia: Plutonian, belonging to Pluto, of the lower regions quō: where, to which place simul: as soon as meāris = meaveris: you will have gone; future perfect sortiēre = sortiēris: will you draw lots, choose, obtain rēgna: “kingships”, rule, presiding power over a drinking party/symposium; cf. “regum” above. vīnī: of the wine tālīs: with knuckle-bones; a talus was a die marked on four sides and used in games. The “magister” of the drinking party, in charge of how much water to add to the wine, was chosen by lot. mīrābere = miraberis: will you admire, marvel at; 2nd p sing future deponent tenerum: tender, delicate, youthful Lycidān: Lycidas; a Greek youth Sestius seems to be fond of; a Greek acc. form quō: by whom, because of whom omnis: all iuventūs: the youth; sing. used collectively calet: is/are warm/hot, are inflamed with desire; echoes “ardens” above. mox: soon; emphasizing how quickly things change, how soon a youth becomes a man. virginēs: virgins, girls tepēbunt: will be warm, will be enamored
272 views • Nov 4, 2024
CATULLUS Poem 81: Nēmōne in tantō potuit populō esse, Iuventī; in Latin & English
Catullus 81 is addressed to Juventius, a young man Catullus has been interested in, who seems to have met someone new. Please see my YouTube videos on poems 15, 21, 23, 24, 48, which are part of the “Juventius Cycle”. #catullus #latinpoetry #latinpronunciation VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR Nēmō: no one, or no (with “bellus homo”); nominative sing -ne: introduces a question in tantō populō: in so great a population, nation; in all of Rome?! potuit: was it possible, could esse: to be, exist Iuventī: Juventius; vocative; a young Roman Catullus seems to have had a crush on. Probably not reciprocated. bellus homō: a handsome, charming, lovely, pleasant person. Being “bellus” was a very important trait in Catulus’ circle, encompassing behavior, elegance, and appearance. quem: whom tū: you; emphatic inciperēs: (you) would begin, attempt; imperfect subjunctive dīligere: to love, to value or esteem highly praeterquam: besides, except, other than iste: that; usually has a pejorative connotation hospes: guest, visitor, stranger, foreigner; nom. sing. tuus: of yours, your ab: from; + abl. moribundā: dying, at the point of death, moribund, lifeless sēde: seat, abode, place, spot; abl sing fem. Pisaurī: of Pisaurum, a city of Umbria (Pesaro), said to have an unhealthy climate pallidior: paler inaurātā: than a gilded, covered with gold; to the Romans gold was considered “pale”; abl of comparison; this may be a pun on the name of Aurelius (see Carmen 15), a very likely candidate for the pale friend of Juventius. statuā: (than) a statue; ablative of comparison quī: who tibi: to you nunc: now cordī est: is (dear) to your heart, pleases, is pleasing, is dear (to you); cordi is dative of cor. quem: whom tū: you; emphatic audēs: dare praepōnere: to put/place before, ahead of nōbīs: us = me; dative et: and nescīs: you don’t know, realize quod: what, what sort of facinus: bad deed, misdeed, outrage, crime faciās: you are doing; pres subjunctive in an indirect question. PRONUNCIATION: for words of 3 syllables or more, I’ve marked the stress with an apostrophe before the stressed syllable. nē’mōn(e) in tantō ‘potuit ‘popul(ō) eSSe, iu’ventī, beLLus homō, queN tū dī’liger(e) in’ciperēs, pRae’teRqu(am) iste tuus mori’bund(ā) ab sēde pi’saurī hospes inau’rātā paL’LidioR ‘statuā, quī tibi nunc coRd(ī) est, queN tū pRae’pōnere nōbīs audēs, et nescīs quod ‘facinus ‘faciās? METER: Elegiac Couplets nēmōn(e) īn tāntō pŏtŭīt pŏpŭl(o) ēssĕ Iŭuēntī bēllŭs hŏmō, quēm tū dīlĭgĕr(e) īncĭpĕrēs, praētērqu(am) īstĕ tŭūs mŏrĭbūnd(a) āb sēdĕ Pĭsaūrī hōspĕs ĭnaūrātā pāllĭdĭōr stătŭā, quī tĭbĭ nūnc cōrd(i) ēst, quēm tū praēpōnĕrĕ nōbīs aūdēs, ēt nēscīs quōd făcĭnūs făcĭās? An elegiac couplet is a pair of sequential lines in which the first line is written in dactylic hexameter (6 “feet”, a dactyl, “long short short”, or a spondee, “long long”, and the second line in dactylic pentameter, (5 feet, two and a half feet, repeated). There is usually a pause, a break called a “caesura” in the middle of the line, which helps us know where to pause while reading.
330 views • Oct 1, 2024
VIRGIL Aeneid Book 1, 34-49: Vix ē cōnspectū Siculae tellūris in altum vēla dabant; Latin & English
Aeneas and his men are setting sail, already close to Italy, for which Juno is outraged. Athena, in contrast, has been very effective in punishing the Greeks for the offense of only one man. Translation: D. Amster, Fez, 6/27/24 #vergil #aeneid #latinpoetry #latinpronunciation Vix: hardly ē: out of cōnspectū: sight, view Siculae: of the Sicilian tellūris: land, region in + acc: into, towards altum: the deep (sea) vēla: their sails dabant: they (Aeneas & his men) were giving, were offering laetī: happy, cheerful, full of joy spūmās: the froth(s), foam salis: of the salt, “salt sea” aere: with bronze; the prows of their ships were covered with bronze ruēbant: they were plowing, throwing up cum: when servāns: keeping, cherishing aeternum: the eternal, enduring, endless vulnus: wound sub: in, deep in pectore: her mind, breast, heart haec: these things sēcum: with herself (dixit): she said, a verb of speaking or thinking is understood Mēne: Me?! The accusative (mene) and infinitive (desistere, posse) in a question without a main verb to show disbelief and indignation -ne = a question victam: beaten, defeated dēsistere: ceasing, desisting from inceptō: from what has been undertaken, from my purpose, from what I started nec: nor, and not posse: being able āvertere: to turn away rēgem: the king, ref. to Aeneas. Teucrōrum: of the descendants of Teucer (1st king of Troy), of the Trojans Ītaliā: from Italy Quippe: obviously, for indeed, surely; said ironically vetor: I am being prevented, prohibited, opposed Fātīs: by the Fates Pallas-ne: Pallas? Pallas Athena, Minerva; nom. sing. potuit: was able, could, had the power exūrere: to set on fire, to consume with fire, burn up classem: the fleet Argīvum = Argivorum: of the Argives, of the Greeks atque: and, and also summergere: to plunge beneath, submerge, sink ipsōs: (the men) themselves pontō: in the sea ob: on account of, because of noxam: the offense, outrage, violence furiās: violent passions, madness ūnius: of one man Aiācis Oīlei: (of) Ajax son of Oileus. After Troy had been defeated, he entered the temple of Athena, where Cassandra (daughter of King Priam) had taken refuge, embracing the statue of the goddess; he allegedly dragged her away and raped her. Ipsa: she herself (Pallas Athena) iaculāta: having hurled, thrown; she hurled rapidum: the swift, violent, fierce ignem: fire, lightning Iovis: of Jove, of Jupiter ē: from nūbibus: the clouds disiēcit-que: and scattered, dispersed “-que …. -que” shows a stronger connection than just “et”. ratēs: the boats, ships ēvertit-que: and (she) turned upside down, agitated aequora: the seas, the surface of the sea ventīs: with the winds illum: him, that man (Ajax); direct object of “corripuit”; very emphatic at the start of the line. exspīrantem: exhaling, breathing out flammās: flames trānsfīxō: from his pierced, pierced through pectore: chest turbine: with/in a whirlwind corripuit: (she) snatched (him) up, seized īnfīxit: thrust (him), fixed him on, fastened acūtō: on/to a sharp scopulō(-que): a high cliff or rock, a projecting point of rock Ast = at: but ego: I; very emphatic and in constrast with “ipsa” above. quae: who incēdō: stride, walk with dignity and pomp, strut; said sarcastically? rēgīna: as queen dīvum = divorum: of the gods Iovis(que): of Jove/Jupiter et: both soror: sister et: and coniūnx: wife, consort cum: with ūnā: one, a single gente: race, nation, people; referring to the Trojans. tot: for so many annōs: years; refers to the 10-year war at Troy, and now for 7 more as the Trojans wander. gerō: I wage, I am waging, I have been waging bella: wars, battles quisquam: (does/will) anyone; introducing a rhetorical question adōrat: worship, adore, call upon, pray to nūmen: the divine power, majesty, divinity, authority Iūnōnis: of Juno praetereā: hereafter, henceforth aut: or supplex: a suppliant, as a suppliant impōnet: will place upon ārīs: (my) altars honōrem: a sacrifice, honor, an honorary gift PRONUNCIATION: with apostrophe before stressed syllable for words with 3 syllables or more. vix ē cō(n)’spectū ‘siculae teL’Lūris in altu(m) vēla dabant laet(ī) et spūmās salis aere ru’ēbant, cu(m) iūn(ō), ae’teRnu(m) seRvā(n)s sub ‘pectore vulnus, haec sēcu(m): ‘mēn(e) in’ceptō dē’sistere victa(m), nec poSS(e) Ī’taliā teu’cRōr(um) ā’veRtere rēge(m)? quiPPe vetoR fātīs. paL’Lasn(e) ex’ūrere claSSe(m) aR’gīv(um) atqu(e) ipsōs ‘potuit suM’MeRgere pontō, ‘ūnius ob nox(am) et ‘furiās ā’iācis ö’īlei? ipsa, iovis ‘Rapidu(m) iacu’lāt(a) ē ‘nūbibus iñgne(m), disiē’citque ratēs ēveR’titqu(e) ‘aequora ventīs, iLL(um) exspī’rante(m) tRā(n)s’fīxō ‘pectore flaMMās ‘tuRbine coR’Ripuit scopu’lōqu(e) ī(n)’fīxit a’cūtō. ast ego, quae dīv(um) in’cēdō rē’gīna, io’visque et soror et coniūnx, ūnā cuNG gente tot aNNōs beLLa ger(ō)! et quisquaN nūmen iū’nōnis a’dōrat pRae’tere(ā) aut suPPlex ārīs im’pōnet ho’nōre(m)?
322 views • Jun 27, 2024
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